MAKALAH DASAR KOMUNIKASI "Channel Of Communication"

MAKALAH DASAR KOMUNIKASI

Tentang

CHANNEL OF COMMUNICATION

“The Function of Internet”

Disusun oleh:

Arif Wahyu Setiawan            (115040100113002)

UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA

FAKULTAS PERTANIAN

PROGRAM STUDI AGRIBISNIS

KEDIRI

2013

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1  Background

The Internet was a computer network which was established by the U.S. Department of Defense in 1969, through a project called ARPANET ARPA (Advanced Research Project Agency Network), where they demonstratedabout how the components of computer,  hardware and software based on UNIX. We could make communication within the infinity through the telephone line. ARPANET project created a network, reliability, and the number of information which could be transfered, and eventually all of the standards that they set into the development of a new protocol which was now known as TCP / IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol).

The initial purpose of the project was built for military purposes. At that time the Department of Defense of the United States (U.S. Department of Defense) created a system of computer networks to connect computers scattered in vital areas to tackle the problem in case of nuclear attack and to avoid centralized information, which in the event of war can be destroyed easily.

At first ARPANET only had 4 sites linking,the Stanford Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, University of Utah, where they formed an integrated network in 1969, and in general the ARPANET was introduced in October 1972. Not long after the project was growing rapidly in all regions, and all universities in the country wanted to join, thus making it became difficult to set the ARPANET.

Therefore ARPANET split widened two, namely "MILNET" for military purposes and the "ARPANET" new smaller for non-military purposes, such as universities. Combined both networks eventually known as the DARPA Internet, which then reduced to the Internet.

1.2. Theological Problem

The issues that will be described include:

A. What is Internet?

B. What are the facilities provided by the internet?

C. How is the way to run the Internet?

D. What are the benefits of the internet?

E. What are the hardware to access the internet?

F. What are the positive and negative impacts caused by internet?

1.3. Purpose

The purpose of making this paper are:

A. To know about Internet.

B. To find out what are the facilities provided by the Internet.

C. To find out how to run the internet.

D. To find out what are the benefits of the internet.

E. To find the hardware to access the internet.

F. To know and recognize the positive and negative impacts posed by the Internet.

CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

2.1. Understanding The Internet

Internet is a continuation of interconnected networking, which has the meaning of relationships with different types of computers that form a network system that covers the whole world (global computer network) by means of telecommunications such as telephone lines, radio links, satellite and so on. INTERNET The term comes from the Latin inter, meaning "between". The Internet is a virtual world computer network (interconnect) formed from billions of computers in the world. The Internet is a relationship between different types of computers and networks in a different world operating system and application where the use of advance media relations communications (telephone and satellite) using standard protocols to communicate.

In regulating integration and computer network communication protocol used is TCP / IP. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) ensures that all links are working properly, while the IP (Internet Protocol), which transmits data from one computer to another. TPC / IP in general functioning to choose the best route data transmission, to determine an alternate route if the route can not be used, manage and transmit the data packets delivery. To be able to participate and use the Internet facilities, usually you have to subscribe to one of the ISP (Internet Service Provider) in your city. ISP is usually called service providers or internet. You can use the facilities of Telkom Instant Telkomnet. By utilizing the Internet, the use of computers across the world know is going to be enable to have communication each other and beside that we can share information because it has allowed us to know how to send e-mail, connect to other computers, send and receive files, discuss a particular topic on the newsgroups, and others.

2.2. Internet Facility

1. World wide web [web]

Web is a system on the Internet that has a search facility and provide fast information using hypertext technology. To create Hypertext, development in a programming language specifically allows binding WWW address or a file in a document. In accordance with its function, this programming language called Hypertext Mark-up Language (HTML). This file is usually berextention *. Html. In its order, for a file containing Hypertext can be sent, required specific data transmission protocol called HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP). To find any relationship Hypertext use Uniform Resource Locator (URL). Therefore, WWW pages also called the document URL.

2. Electronic mail [email]

Electronic mail is the message (letters, pictures, sound, and video) that can be sent, received or stored and at any time can be taken back by the user via the internet / electronic networks. With this email facility they are able to be sent and received letters, pictures, sound, and video. With the increasingly widespread use of the internet, email facilities are also increasingly used for correspondence, whether by individuals or institutions or organizations. Even for some people or organizations, email has become a necessity in daily life. This occurs because the advantages of this email facility, which is faster and cheaper. In just seconds, a letter will be sent to the designated email box with a relatively low cost. Even with the proliferation of internet cafes (cafe), the price offered to access the Internet more easily and cheaply.

In general, providing email mailbox (mailbox) is large enough to accommodate the letters sent with attachments. There is also an address book that can be used to store the addresses of peers or colleagues making it easier to find them when needed.

In relation to learning, teachers can facilitate email to send tasks to the students, and instead students can deposit their duties. Even at the college level, students take advantage of this facility to consult eventual assignment and correction can be directly carried out by the lecturer on the final manuscript submitted by students. Teachers or students can also use this facility to follow the mailing list (mailing list) according to areas of interest, such as culture, information technology, and science.

To be able to use email, users must first register. There are several search engines that provide free email services, for example: www.yahoo.com, www.hotmail.com, www.astaga.com, and www.fastmail.fm.

3. Telnet

Telnet is a program that allows the computer to link with the terminal of another computer on the INTERNET. Telnet allows us to get in (log in) as the user's computer remotely and run computer programs dikomputer the existing services.

4. File transfer protocol [ftp]

Through FTP, user can send or receive data or file from one computer to another in across the world (Download and Upload). Anonymous FTP allows access to the FTP server with anonymous login without requiring password. Anonymous FTP is one of the services on the Internet is quite important. With access to a variety of anonymous FTP, you can obtain these files graphically. You can find these programs, pictures, electronic magazines, the articles in certain discussion groups. One of the FTP program is WS_FTP.

5. Gopher

The Internet provides a wealth of information that can be accessed via the menu system users. An INTERNET useris faced with a branching menu. To go to the information or data of the destination, a user selects the options available to get into the desired topic. Such facilities are called Gopher. Gopher provides text-based information access.

6. Chat groups / internet relay chat (irc)

One of the direct communication services on the Internet is the Internet relay chat (IRC). The service allows the access of internet to chat or conversation with other internet accessed in a similar chat rooms. Some chat rooms are not only equipped with the text, but also graphics, sound, and video. This means that users are not only able to communicate via text, but also to show an image, sound, and video (via webcam facility). In fact it can be used to send the file. In general, search engines provide chat facilities. Even the e-learning portal developed a particular institution also provides a chat facility.

7. User's network (usenet) and newsgroups

Usenet, short for network users, is one of the facilities on the Internet that is similar to the bulletin board system (BBS). Usenet is used to read and send messages (usually called "articles" or "posts") to one or more of the categories. In terms of activities undertaken by the accessor, and usenet newsgroup is a discussion forum. Usenet newsgroups are usually composed of a series that is based on interest and discussion topics. In other words, is part of the usenet newsgroups. According Oetomo (2007), newsgroups like communication boards where everyone is free to search for needed information and provide information in its possession. Everyone is free to comment on the existing problems and the comments will be read also by newsgroup users. In relation to learning, this facility can be beneficial for students to discuss topics of interest. It's just different with internet facility relay chat (IRC) described above, as a form of communication to offer this newsgroup is asinkronos.

8. Internet phone / conference

Facility to conduct long-distance via the INTERNET. It requires a special application and hardware support multimedia.

9. Wais server

WAIS (Wide Area Information Service) provides another way to find information scattered in the INTERNET. WAIS is able to be accessedby all the major databases (such as documents, files containing images, video and sound).

10. Mailing list

In the context of learning, teachers can encourage or even assign students to follow a particular mailing list. With this list, students will gain experience of how the many benefits of sharing information with each other. In addition, students are also taught to share information of their own to other list members. The information they get from the mailing list can be used as a discussion in class. Even when they get the problem difficult to solve, they can ask for help from other mailing aggota for answers or solutions.

2.4 Benefits of Internet

Computer users or user can do many things through the intenet, such as:

• Finding information (hosting)

• Shopping (e-commerce)

• Berkirimsurat (e-mail)

• Chat (chat)

• Research the intenet

The benefits of the Internet in education, particularly in supporting learning, there is no doubt about this. Learning resources in the form of scientific articles, books, research reports, ready-made teaching materials, and interactive media pretty much available. In addition, various programs can be found on the internet which can be used to develop teaching materials more interesting. In fact, more authentic materials are more numerous true value meaningful learning where their use are well designed. This course requires an adequate teacher competence in using ICT tools as appropriate, makes learning with ICT integration plan, evaluates and provides relevant materials, implementing learning with ICT, and makesan evaluation tool.

In particular, the benefits of the Internet are:

1. For teachers, the Internet offers opportunities to:

a. Professional Development.

b. Increase knowledge.

c. Sharing of resources Collegial / peer development.

d. In collaboration with teachers from abroad opportunities to publish.­­

e. Maintain regular communication.

f. Participate in forums with colleagues both locally and internationally.

2. Its utilization as a source of teaching material:

a. Accessing learning plans and new methodologies.

b. Raw material & finished materials are suitable for all areas of learning.

c. Publish and share resources. A high popularity / high interest for improving student   to try study hard

Teachers from all subject areas, especially language teachers and social studies teachers, can take (download) news and current events that can be used as teaching material in class. All teachers can also use the Internet for purposes of self-development personally and professionally, for the advancement of the educational process for the students to work in the region and globally.

Another benefit is we can communicate individually or in mass and can be done anywhere in the world in just a few seconds. We can also deploy (publish) the information then be accessed from anywhere in the world within a very short time. We can communicate directly (real time) via phone and video processing units. We can "chat" via the network free "chat" wide boiling is mIRC.

2.6. Positive Impact of the Internet

Widespread access to facilities and information tool of mass communication including the internet in recent years has created a huge transformation in the interaction of human beings. The world of internet is increasingly significant for children. The Internet allows kids take and process knowledge or information from visited sites without any limitations of time and distance. In addition, there are other benefits that are available online, including:

1. Internet connects millions of computers throughout the world

2. Internet is not tied to any organization

3. With the Internet, organizations can exchange information both internally and externally

4. Internet can be used for all platforms

5. Internet can be used by anyone to make access to any information and even to conduct business transactions

6. Correspondence (e-mail), the facility has often times we hear because the facility is not only for mutual pnjang send messages but can also be used to send the task to the learning process,

7. Conversation (chat), this facility enables one to communicate with each other, and can add friends from different parts of the world,

8. Take / send information (download / upload), a variety of information about anything DAPT obtained via the internet, other than that we too can contribute by sending (uploading) important information that we know,

9. Using technology "teleconference" (interactive conference on line from a distance), because it can save time, teaching, learning and living capacity knows no geographic,

10. Get entertained, not only for adults, but high school students have come to know and utilize dasarpun though often just for fun,

11. Internet can also be used to foster a spirit of independent learning in children, for example by using the software of interest to arouse the interest of children to learn. The content or subject matter of interest is expected to create a learning environment that is full of excitement. Simultaneously prevent children from feeling depressed because he thinks the lessons learned as difficult and scary, and so on.

2.7. Negative Impact of the Internet

• Pornography, assumption that the Internet is not synonymous with pornography is wrong. With the delivery of the information that the internet, pornography was merajarela. To overcome this, the producers "browser" program complements them with the ability to choose the type of home page that can be accessed.

• Violence and Gore or too much cruelty and sadism displayed. Because the business and the content on the internet is not limited to, the owner of the site using all sorts of ways to sell their sites. One way to display things that are taboo.

• Fraud, it is indeed merajarela in any field, did not escape the internet fraudsters attack. It is best to ignore it.

• Carding is an activity of purchasing goods on the Internet using counterfeit credit cards. How to order using a credit card is the most widely used in the Internet for real-time (live). The perpetrators are most committed crimes in this field.

• Gambling, by available network gamblers do not need to go to a special place to meet their needs.

CHAPTER III

CLOSING

3.1. Conclusion

Internet is a continuation of interconnected networking, which has the meaning of relationships with different types of computers that form a network system that covers the whole world (global computer network) by means of telecommunications such as telephone lines, radio links, satellite and more. The Internet is a relationship between different types of computers and networks in a different world operating system and application where the use of advance media relations communications (telephone and satellite) using standard protocols to communicate.

The high mobility of the use of the Internet requires Internet network more flexible, so that someone who travels a lot can still access the internet even in the car is running. To meet these needs developed network without wires (wireless) such as cellular phones. This network known as the Internet without wires (wireless), known as Wireless Application Protocol (WAP). WAP to operate a cell phone can use aid as a means of connecting.

Widespread access to facilities and information tool of mass communication including the internet in recent years has created a huge transformation in the interaction of human beings. The world of internet is increasingly significant for children. The Internet allows kids take and process knowledge or information from visited sites without any limitations of time and distance.

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